NAICS UNIVERSITY · Free research for insurance agents
Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production
NAICS 331313 · United States · 2022 edition
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) refining alumina (i.e., aluminum oxide) generally from bauxite; (2) making aluminum from alumina; and/or (3) making aluminum from alumina and rolling, drawing, extruding, or casting the aluminum they make into primary forms. Establishments in this industry may make primary aluminum or aluminum-based alloys from alumina. Cross-references. Establishments primarily engaged in-- • Manufacturing aluminum oxide abrasives and refractories--are classified in Subsector 327, Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; and • Recovering aluminum from scrap or alloying purchased aluminum--are classified in U.S. Industry 331314, Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum. MANUFACTURING 221
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Census classification reference
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These facilities refine bauxite ore into alumina (aluminum oxide) and/or smelt alumina into primary aluminum using large electrolytic reduction cells (potlines). Operations are energy-intensive, continuous-process, and capital-heavy, involving high-temperature molten metal, caustic chemical handling, large on-site power infrastructure, and significant waste byproducts including red mud impoundments.
Questions to investigate
- What is the total insurable value of structures, equipment, and inventory across the facility?
- Are there any active red mud or bauxite residue impoundments on-site, and what is their current regulatory status?
- What is the age and condition of the potlines, rectifiers, and major transformers?
- Has the facility had any environmental enforcement actions, notices of violation, or pollution claims in recent years?
This insurance research was generated in April 2026. It has not received a complete human review. The October 12, 2026 audit checked codes and titles only, not descriptions or coverage assertions.