NAICS UNIVERSITY · Free research for insurance agents
Kaolin, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining
NAICS 212323 · United States · 2022 edition
This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site and/or mining clay (e.g., china clay, paper clay and slip clay) or ceramic and refractory minerals and (2) establishments primarily engaged in beneficiating (i.e., preparing) clay or ceramic and refractory minerals.
Start the review with workers' compensation.
For Kaolin, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining, the saved research highlights workers' compensation, environmental / pollution liability, mobile equipment. Confirm how these arise in the actual operation, what controls are used and whether additional services change the proposed coverage.
Questions to ask
- What minerals are being extracted and what beneficiating processes are performed on-site?
- Is blasting used for overburden removal, and if so, how frequently?
- Are there any slurry ponds, tailings piles, or water impoundments on the property?
- What is the current status of reclamation obligations — are there active regulatory bonds in place?
- Any prior environmental citations, water quality violations, or regulatory enforcement actions?
- What is the total insured value of mobile and processing equipment on-site?
- For Kaolin, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining, what should the underwriter know about prior environmental violations, regulatory penalties, or active reclamation disputes?
- For Kaolin, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining, what should the underwriter know about slurry ponds, tailings impoundments, or other water containment with potential breach exposure?
Activities described by this code
- Bentonite mining and/or beneficiating
- Fuller's earth mining and/or beneficiating
- Common clay mining and/or beneficiating
- Kaolin mining and/or beneficiating
- Feldspar mining and/or beneficiating
- Ball clay mining and/or beneficiating
- Fire clay mining and/or beneficiating
- Shale (except oil shale) mining and/or beneficiating
Other activities to examine
- Shaping, molding, glazing, and firing pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures: 327110 — Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing
- Shaping, molding, baking, burning, or hardening clay and nonclay refractories, and structural clay products: 327120 — Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing
- Calcining, dead burning, or otherwise processing (i.e., beyond basic preparation) clay or ceramic and refractory minerals: 327992 — Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing;
- Oil shale mining and/or beneficiating: 211120 — Crude Petroleum Extraction
Census classification reference
For educational purposes only. AI-generated insurance research and automated logic can contain errors. Independently verify classification and coverage decisions.
Compare another operationInsurance operations research — draft
These operations extract kaolin, bentonite, ball clay, fire clay, fuller's earth, feldspar, shale, and related ceramic and refractory minerals from surface mines or quarries, often using heavy earthmoving equipment such as scrapers, excavators, and haul trucks. Many operations also beneficiate — meaning they crush, wash, dry, or otherwise prepare — the raw mineral on-site before shipment to industrial customers such as paper manufacturers, ceramics producers, and refractory manufacturers. Site activity typically includes overburden removal, extraction, water management, and ongoing or future land reclamation.
Questions to investigate
- What minerals are being extracted and what beneficiating processes are performed on-site?
- Is blasting used for overburden removal, and if so, how frequently?
- Are there any slurry ponds, tailings piles, or water impoundments on the property?
- What is the current status of reclamation obligations — are there active regulatory bonds in place?
This insurance research was generated in April 2026. It has not received a complete human review. The October 12, 2026 audit checked codes and titles only, not descriptions or coverage assertions.